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IELTS Writing task 1: Vocabulary to describe graphs

Vocabulary to describe graphs

I. Introducing the graph

The graph/table/pie chart/bar chart/diagram …

  • gives information about/on …
  • provides information about/on …
  • shows …
  • illustrates …
  • compares …
  • explains why …
  • describes …
  • draws the conclusion of (a survey) …

Example: The pie charts provide information on the proportion of males and females working in agricultural sector.

II. Types of changes

Type 1 : increase

1. Nouns

  • a rise (of)
  • an increase (of)
  • a growth (of)
  • a peak (of)
  • a surge (of)

Example: a rise of prices

2. Verbs

  • to rise
  • to increase
  • to surge
  • to grow
  • to peak

Large rises:

  • to rocket
  • to soar
  • to leap (->leapt)

Type 2 : decrease

1. Nouns

  • a fall (in)
  • a decrease (in)
  • a decline (in)
  • a dip (in)

Example: a fall in prices

2. Verbs

  • to fall
  • to decrease
  • to decline
  • to dip
  • to dive
  • to plunge

Large falls:

  • to plummet

Type 3 : fluctuation

1. Nouns

  • a fluctuation (of)
  • a variation (in)

Example: a fluctuation of prices

2. Verbs

  • to fluctuate
  • to vary

III. Description of changes

Chart 1

Adverbs

  • sharply
  • suddenly
  • rapidly
  • abruptly
  • dramatically
  • significantly
  • considerably
  • markedly
  • wildly

Example: the prices rose sharply

Adjectives

  • sharp
  • sudden
  • rapid
  • abrupt
  • dramatic
  • steep
  • significant
  • considerable
  • marked
  • substantial
  • spectacular

Example: there was a considerable growth

Chart 2

Adverbs

slightly

  • gently
  • gradually
  • steadily
  • modestly
  • marginally

Example: the prices increased modestly


Adjectives

  • slight
  • gentle
  • gradual
  • steady
  • consistent
  • modest
  • marginal

Example: there was a gradual decline

VI. Useful phrases

  • a small fraction, a small number, a small minority
  • a large portion, a significant majority
  • nearly a fifth, almost 10%, in region of 40%, more than a half, over a quarter, around two thirds, more or less three quarters, exactly one in ten, approximately a third

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