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IELTS Writing Task 2: 'advanced' linking

Most people learn linking words like firstly, furthermore, moreover, however, whereas. There's nothing wrong with this type of linking; I use it myself.

Another way to link ideas between or within sentences is to use pronouns and determiners like it, they, which, this, that.

And perhaps the most 'advanced' form of linking involves no linking words at all. Instead, you rely on the topic vocabulary itself to create cohesion.

I call this "the art of linking without linking". Here's an example:

..........

The trend towards people living alone is perhaps even more damaging because of the psychological effects of reduced human interaction. Individuals who live on their own have nobody to talk to in person, so they cannot share problems or discuss the highs and lows of daily life. They forgo the constant stimulation and hustle and bustle of a large family, and are left to their own devices for extended periods of time. The lack of human contact in the home is necessarily replaced by passive distractions, such as television, video games, online chat rooms or Internet surfing. This type of existence is associated with boredom, loneliness, and feelings of isolation or even alienation, all of which are factors that are known to increase the risk of mental illness.

..........

I've used different coloured highlighting to show which phrases are connected. So, for example, the phrases in blue all develop the idea of 'reduced human interaction'.

Can you see how the vocabulary itself holds the paragraph together? This is probably how you write in your own language.

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